timeline of the prophets of israeltimeline of the prophets of israel

*The prophets are listed according to their order in the Scriptures. Solomon made his great mistake when he failed to realize the secret of Israels prosperity, and with a few noteworthy exceptions, leaders and people sank lower and lower from generation to generation until apostasy was complete (Isaiah 3:12; 9:16; Jeremiah 5:1-5; 8:10; Ezekiel 22:23-31; Micah 3). Partial compliance on their part with the will of God made possible a partial fulfillment of the covenant promises on Gods part. Human traditions came to be honored in place of the revealed will of God (see on Mark 7:6-9). The chart allows both ideas, indicating his possible ministry during the two decades preceding 560 B.C. Thus Israel was to blossom and bud, and fill the face of the world with fruit (Isaiah 27:6). Furthermore, the rise of the Chaldeans and their invasion of the West is predicted, but this seemed at that time completely incredible (chapter 1:5-7). The earth would thus be rid of those who opposed God (Zechariah 14:12, 13). Jerusalem would have become a great missionary center, and the earth would have been set ablaze with the light of truth in one grand, final appeal to those who had not as yet accepted the invitation of divine mercy. New Testament Overview - General survey of the New Testament. together with the dates and lengths of the reigns, and the prophets On the other hand, the destruction of Nineveh is described as an event still future (chapter 3:7). Host: Alan's Gleanings Chart of the Kings Alphabetical List of the Kings Questions for Discussion A Comment about Names The Heritage of Jesus God's Message of Salvation Kings of the United Kingdom (c 1025-925 BC) King Relationship to Previous King God's Judgment Saul none did evil Ishbosheth* son . Jonah fled his call because it was the Assyrians who were destroying the Jews. At times they had an import, not only for the age in which the prophet lived, but also for a day far future; in other words, they had a dual application. Strangely, no evidence suggests that any of these knew in person any of the others. Note that blocking some types of cookies may impact your experience on our websites and the services we are able to offer. When the Jews rejected Christ as the Messiah, God in turn rejected them and commissioned the Christian church as His chosen instrument for the salvation of the world (Matthew 28:19, 20; 2 Corinthians 5:18-20; 1 Peter 2:9, 10; etc.). Blog / Chart of Israel's and Judah's Kings and Prophets Di Lella, "Daniel" in, Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_Hebrew_prophets&oldid=1082234151, Short description with empty Wikidata description, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 12 April 2022, at 01:53. Yet the book contains no clear indication of the time in which the prophet lived. Captivity, he said, had confirmed the curse that came because of disobedience (verses 11, 12) and Jerusalem lay desolate (verses 16-19). The Incredible Bible - First in the BKA Series. Furthermore, the fact that the people of Tyre and Sidon do not appear as hostile nations of Judah until the last decades of its history, while they are mentioned by Joel as Judahs enemies, seems also to point to a late date for the prophets ministry. Peter concurs, saying, Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter of persons, for in every nation he that feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is accepted with him (Acts 10:34, 35; cf. Seventy weeks490 years of literal timewere determined upon the Jews, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness (Daniel 9:24). Seventh-day Adventists believe that, generally speaking, the promises and predictions given through the Old Testament prophets originally applied to literal Israel and were to have been fulfilled to them on the condition that they obey God and remain loyal to Him. In view of the light they had received from God, they were even worse than the heathen, to whom they felt so much superior. But because of apostasy it was the predictions of national honor and glory that could not be fulfilled. by means of a broken line. The futurist school of interpretation contends that the many promises of restoration and world leadership made to ancient Israel are yet to be fulfilled in connection with the establishment of the modern state of Israel in Palestine. But here, as in all exposition of Scripture, we should avoid affirming as the explicit teachings of the Bible that which is our private, finite view, however plausible it may appear to be. In Jewish tradition it is believed that the period of prophecy, called Nevuah, ended with Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi at which time the "Shechinahdeparted from Israel". The book makes no reference to the fall of Samaria, which took place in 723/22 B.C., and it can therefore be concluded that the prophets last message was given prior to Samarias destruction. The Temple is mentioned as still existing (chapter 2:20), which shows that the book was written before Nebuchadnezzars destruction of Jerusalem in 586 B.C. Prophet go. They forfeited Gods blessing because of failure to fulfill His purpose in making them His chosen people, and thus brought ruin upon themselves. This fact weakens the arguments for such a late date. Otherwise you will be prompted again when opening a new browser window or new a tab. Also, Jeremiah (chapter 26:18), quoting Micah (chapter 3:12), testifies that Micah ministered during Hezekiahs time. The blessings thus assured to Israel are, on the same conditions and in the same degree, assured to every nation and to every individual under the broad heavens. chapter 11:9, 10). Josiah was also still a young king, having reached the age of but 21 years at that time. That some of the words he uses are also found in Jeremiah (Obadiah 1, 3, 4; cf. Remember that the record of Gods dealings with His people in ages past has been recorded for the benefit of all later generations to the end of time. The table below shows where in time the prophets fit within the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah. Unfortunately, Nehemiahs second term as governor cannot be dated, which fact makes it also somewhat difficult to date Malachi. (r!W6 l3uY8&"|flz;44~6. 2. 2 Samuel 12:7 - "This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says", The Story of the Bible - Part One - The Old Testament. Jotham (750 -735) inactive in rule after Hosea Amos Zechariah He is the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever (Hebrews 13:8). Shortly after this event he once more rose to a high position of honor and responsibility in the newly formed Persian Empire (chapter 6). Mormons have distinctive beliefs on what a prophet is. Hence, Jonah was probably the earliest of the prophets under discussion. With the call of Abraham, God set in operation a definite plan for bringing the Messiah into the world and for presenting the gospel invitation to all men (Genesis 12:1-3). Upon His final departure from the sacred precincts of the Temple, Jesus said, Your house is left unto you desolate (Matthew 23:38). The 9th-century view.The great empires of Assyria and Babylonia do not appear within the horizon of the prophet. Chart of Israel's Kings and Prophets The life story of Jeremiah is better known than that of any other prophet. Theology of Work Project Online Materials by Theology of Work Project, Inc. is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. National greatness. Ambassadors from one foreign country after another would come to discover, if they might, the great secret of Israels success as a nation, and its leaders would have the opportunity of directing the minds of their visitors to the Source of all good things. <>>> Judah was conquered by Babylon in 586 BC and returned to the land after 70-year captivity. Pride obscured their vision [see Luke 19:42]. Click to enable/disable essential site cookies. *The prophets are listed according to their order in the Scriptures. This prophecy must have been pronounced either before Jeroboam came to the throne (approximately 793 B.C.) Not all the prophets were anti-establishment, however. BC dates, I've also included the number of years since the end of All this leads to the conclusion that Micah prophesied from about 740 to about 700 B.C. But, said the angel, Messiah would be rejected and cut off, because of the abominations of Israel, and Jerusalem and the Temple would once more life waste (verses 26, 27). *This is the traditional date for Joel, but the date is uncertain and suggestions range from the ninth to the. It is important to note that all the Old Testament promises looking forward to a time of restoration for the Jews were given in anticipation of their return from captivity (see Isaiah 10:24-34; 14:1-7; 27:12, 13; 40:2; 61:4-10; Jeremiah 16:14-16; 23:3-8; 25:11; 29:10-13; 30:3-12; 32:7-27, 37-44; Ezekiel 34:11-15; 37; Amos 9:10-15; Micah 2:12, 13; etc.). The Talmud (Megillah 14a) says that there had been twice as many prophets as the number of people who left Egypt (2,600,000), but only those whose messages were for future generations were recorded. 4. seem to refer to those recorded in 2 Kings 8:20-22 and 2 Chronicles 21:8-10, 16, while nothing points to the troubles caused by Hazael, as narrated in 2 Kings 12:17, 18 and 2 Chronicles 24:23, 24, it has been concluded that Joel gave his messages during the time lying between these two events. This page and its content is copyright 2012. Several of his messages were against various foreign nations. Higher than the highest human thought can reach is Gods ideal for His children. Every resource on our site was made possible through the financial support of people like you. It is an undeniable historical fact that, to this day, the majority of these predictions have not been fulfilled. A comparison between some of his prophecies and those of Amos indicates that Hosea was a younger contemporary of Amos (cf. Some prophets overlap, lived in different areas, or the chronology cannot be estimated with any accuracy. The plan itself never changes because God never changes. In the inspired utterances of the prophets of old the sincere seeker for truth will thus find messages of inspiration, comfort, and guidance for today. He went to Bethel, a sanctuary city of the northern kingdom, to deliver prophecies of warning, reproof, and doom to Israel. Formal worship took the place of sincere religion (cf. It ignores the plain statements of the Old Testament that Gods promises to Israel were all conditional. God designed that Israels experience should prove to be a warning to Judah (see Hosea 1:7; 4:15-17; 11:12; Jeremiah 3:3-12; etc.). ?v>wO?D=`7[wx"*M -3R?$+Rjxwux>zz+ ,hd_AJ`sBJl2| AK7m?4(_^p/_zP_7LmVMNn[5s`#ydtA. Most of them left chronological data by which the duration of their ministry can be determined, at least approximately. In the endeavor to account for this seeming enigma, Bible expositors have set forth various explanations: 1. United kingdom under Saul, David, Solomon, c. 1030 - 931. 3. A Jewish legend claims that he was stoned to death by his people. Timeline: Prophets in the Reigns on Kings of Judah and Israel Nothing is known of the prophet Joel beyond the fact that he was the son of Pethuel (chapter 1:1). 4. Map Store - Download High-Res Maps and Images, 2023, Bible History | All rights reserved, Bibliography Resources on the Old Testament, Jeroboam II to Hoshea (Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz), to the Jews Before and During the Captivity. For two of them (Joel and Obadiah), however, no conclusive evidence as to the time of their work exists, and scholars differ widely in their views concerning this matter. What makes it challenging when reading straight through the Bible [in chronological order] is that the history is covered in 1 and 2 Kings and then again in 1 and 2 Chronicles. In their meticulous attention to the letter of the law they lost sight of its spirit. Situating the Prophets in Israel's History Timeline of the Prophets Related Content Donate Period Northern Kings Northern Prophets Southward Kings Southern Prophets United kingdom under Saul, David, Soro, c. 1030 - A Harmony of the Life of Jesus - Four gospel accounts in harmony. 3 0 obj Some believe that the prophet refers to the conquest of Jerusalem at the time of King Jehoram (2 Kings 8:20-22; 2 Chronicles 21:8-10, 16, 17) in the 9th century; others believe that the prophet is speaking of Jerusalems destruction by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 B.C. Prophets in Judaism - Wikipedia Examine the prophecy in its entirety. See Exodus 31:2-6; 35:33, 35. God provided Israel with every facility for becoming the greatest nation on the earth. Faithful Work After the ExileHaggai, Zechariah, Malachi The number who returned upon the decree of 537 B.C. Where the Bible text summarizes a king's reign -- - - Partial years were sometimes counted as full years. This concept of the role of Israel is reiterated again and again throughout the Old Testament. 1 Kings 22:28). He belonged to a family of priests whose home town was Anathoth. Israel's Kings & Prophets | Craig T. Owens View Full Article Table of Contents Who Were the Prophets? These were remedied by the vigorous actions of the governor. It was therefore not alone unto themselves and to their contemporaries that the prophets ministered, but also to all sincere men and women of later generations (1 Peter 1:12). Blessings if they followed the LORD and curses if they forsook him. In the introduction to his book he declares that he worked under the kings Uzziah of Judah and Jeroboam II of Israel. Hosea, Prophet - Amazing Bible Timeline with World History They brought forth wild grapes rather than the mature fruit of a Godlike character (Isaiah 5:1-7; cf. The exposition of Scripture attempted by proponents of the British-Israel theory consists of an admixture of selected Bible passages with legend, folk tales, and speculation. Louis F. Hartman and Alexander A. Furthermore, it should be remembered that the Messiah, after the flesh, was a Jew, that the charter members of the Christian church were all Jews, and that Christianity grew out of Judaism. The prophets call us to re-learn the lesson that a respect for the creator of the earth we occupy is a starting point for peace between the earth and its inhabitants. Earlier commentators attempted to equate the two men, because of the use of similar expressions in their utterances (Micah 1:2; cf. Four eminent Hebrew prophets addressed themselves to the people of Israel and Judah in the latter half of the 8th pre-Christian century: Amos, Hosea, Micah, and Isaiah. It was ordained of God to meet the needs of His people at the time it was given and to remind them of the glorious destiny that awaited them as a nation, of the coming of the Messiah, and of the establishment of His eternal kingdom. He will listen to the prophet speaking to Israel of old and endeavor to understand what his words meant to the people who originally heard them. Among them about 30,000 are specified (Ezra 2 and Neh 7) as belonging to the tribes of Judah, Benjamin, and Levi. 1 Peter 2:6-8; 1 Corinthians 1:23) but this need not mean that they are to fallGod forbid, he exclaims (Romans 11:1, 22). The work of no other prophet can be dated so definitely as that of Haggai. With Him there is no variableness, neither shadow of turning (James 1:17). It was Gods design that the whole earth be prepared for the first advent of Christ, even as to-day the way is preparing for His second coming. He should not be confused with Micaiah, the son of Imlah, a prophet of Israel in Ahabs time (9th century B.C.). Hearing of all the advantages with which the God of Israel had blessed His people and all the prosperity He had procured for them (Jeremiah 33:9), the pagan nations would admit that their own fathers had inherited lies (chapter 16:19). One of the main objectives of the Bible commentator is to reconstruct the historical setting in which the declarations of the prophets were originally made. Israel was confronted with the choice of blessings or curses. Here Paul affirms that the rejection of the Jews did not mean that the promises of God had taken none effect (Romans 9:6), and explains immediately that they are to become effective through spiritual Israel. The church in this generation has been endowed by God with great privileges and blessings, and He expects corresponding returns. Thereafter, God let out his vineyard [see Isaiah 5:1-7] unto other husbandmen who would render him the fruits in their seasons (see on Matthew 21:41). For illustrations of the reversal of threatened judgment, see Jonah 3:3-10; cf. The fickle, human will is the weak, unstable factor in conditional prophecy. 3. At the time of the Babylonian captivity God had specifically announced that that experience was not to mark a full end of Israel as Gods people (Jeremiah 4:27; 5:18; 46:28). It is true, he says, that national Israel stumbled at the stumblingstone, Jesus Christ (Romans 9:32, 33; 11:11; cf. Gods promises are made conditional upon mans cooperation and obedience. You are free to share (to copy, distribute and transmit the work), and remix (to adapt the work) for non-commercial use only, under the condition that you must attribute the work to the Theology of Work Project, Inc., but not in any way that suggests that it endorses you or your use of the work. Jesus confirmed all of the events mentioned in the Old Testament (Luke 11:49-51). The Assyrian capital city of Nineveh was captured and destroyed by the combined forces of Media and Babylonia in 612 B.C., which is, accordingly, the latest possible date for Nahum. There was nothing God could have done for them that He did not do, yet they failed. Timeline of the Prophets | Theology of Work / Chart of Israel's and Israelite Prophets Date Chart But it was not until his 3rd year in captivity, the 2nd year of Nebuchadnezzar, that young Daniel gave the first proofs of his prophetic calling (chapters 1:5, 17; 2:1, 19). [1][2]The last Jewish prophet is believed to have been Malachi. Story of Esther, (535 BC: First portion of Ezra; 515 BC: Second portion of Ezra and Haggai and Zecharia; Joel possibly some time later; 474 BC: Esther; 450 BC: Remainder of Ezra, Nehemiah, and Malachi. For a short time during his reign Assyria turned from its polytheistic religion to a kind of monotheistic Nabu worship. They forgot that God abhors a multiplication of the forms of religion (Isaiah 1:11-18; Hosea 6:6; Micah 6:7; Malachi 2:13), and asks of man nothing but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with his God (Micah 6:8; cf. During the reign of Jehoiakim he nearly lost his life for his bold messages, and hence went into hiding (chapter 36:26). Since Jothams sole reign began after the death of his father Uzziah in 740/39, the initial date for Micahs prophetic ministry should probably be placed after that date. Eventually, all the nations would call Jerusalem the throne of the Lord and be gathered unto it, not to walk any more after the imagination of their evil heart (Jeremiah 3:17). Isaiahs whole ministry from Uzziah to Manasseh must therefore have lasted more than half a century. The prophets of ancient Israel spoke about the events mentioned in the Old Testament long before they actually happened. Having declined, thus, to surrender themselves to God as His agents for the salvation of the human race, the Jews, as a nation, became agents of Satan for the destruction of the race. Though the prophet looked at events about him, he also could see far beyond his own day. Having begun his ministry in the time of Uzziah, king of Judah, and Jeroboam II, king of Israel (chapter 1:1), Hosea continued until the time of Hezekiah, king of Judah (chapter 1:1). Technical know-how would render products made in Israel superior to all others. He probably died in the Nile country. Prophets arose in Israel during the period when Israel's kings challenged the people in powerthe political rulers and the economic elite. (This rule does not apply to those portions of the book of Daniel that the prophet was bidden to shut up and seal, or to other passages whose application Inspiration may have limited exclusively to our own time.). Timeline: Prophets in the Reigns of Kings of Judah and Israel Timeline: Prophets in the Reigns of Kings of Judah and Israel This tables shows the reigns of each of the Kings of Judah and Israel, together with the dates and lengths of the reigns, and the prophets who were active at that time. All men would recognize that Israel stood in a special relationship to the God of heaven (Deuteronomy 7:6-14; 28:10; Jeremiah 16:20, 21). Nehemiah 13:23-27). Ancient Jerusalem - Interactive Study of Jerusalem with Map. Several of the prophets messages are dated exactly, and the last of these dated prophetic messages was received in the 27th year of Ezekiels captivity (chapter 29:17), 571/70. The Tabernacle of Ancient Israel - Brief Overview of the Tabernacle of Moses in the Wilderness and the Ark of the Covenant. Even during the Captivity, and later under foreign tutelage, Israel remained a theocracy in theory if not fully in practice. See also the Chronology of the Latter Prophets and the Intertestamental Period. These observations seem to place Zephaniah in the early years of Josiahs reign, perhaps about 630 B.C., as a contemporary of Habakkuk. Chronology of the Prophets in the Old Testament Matthew 19:16, 17; 22:36-40). Interactive Timeline of the Kings & Prophets Interactive Timeline of the Kings & Prophets Psalm11918.org Our recent studies of the writings of the prophets have brought our attention to the era of the kings of Israel and Judah. With your gift of any size, youll enable us to continue equipping Christians with high-quality biblically-based content. Although no chronological data are found in the book, certain statements permit a comparatively exact dating of Habakkuks prophecies. However, that earthquake must have been very severe, for the memory of it was still fresh in the minds of people who lived 250 years later, as Zechariah 14:5 shows. Had Israel as a nation preserved her allegiance to Heaven, Jerusalem would have stood forever, the elect of God (Jeremiah 7:7; 17:25). prophecies of Elijah, Micaiah, and Elisha. We hope what you find here will add to your understanding of and appreciation for the Bible. ; (locust and Day of the Lord pictures in Joel), written against Edom (which was enemy of Jerusalem under Jehoram? God was to be glorified in Israel (Isaiah 49:3) and its people were to be His witnesses (chapters 43:10; 44:8), to reveal to men the principles of His kingdom. The late date is taken here, without prejudice toward an early one. Image by However, there is no valid reason why Malachi should not be considered a proper name. Unparalleled prosperity. Major Prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel. Furthermore, Old Testament prophecy must first be examined in terms of its historical application to literal Israel before the validity of a derived application to spiritual Israel may be undertaken. He was therefore a somewhat younger contemporary of Isaiah, to whose vocabulary and terminology his prophecies show great similarity (Micah 4:1-4; cf. Yet, since Gods purposes are immutable (Psalms 33:11; Prov. But the manner in which it is carried out may change because man may change. They looked for Messiah to reign as a temporal prince (cf. Returning to their homelands, the Gentile ambassadors would counsel their fellow countrymen, Let us go speedily to pray before the Lord, and to seek the Lord (Zechariah 8:21, 22; cf. Isaiah 3:12; 9:16) meant the permanent, irrevocable cancellation of their special standing before God as a nation (cf. The glorious promises originally made to literal Israel are meeting their fulfillment today in the proclamation of the gospel to all men (Revelation 14:6, 7). 2. All rights reserved. Because these cookies are strictly necessary to deliver the website, refusing them will have impact how our site functions. But it was not until his 3rd year in captivity, the 2nd year of Nebuchadnezzar, that young Daniel gave the first proofs of his prophetic calling (chapters 1:5, 17; 2:1, 19). Only when its leaders formally rejected the Messiah and declared before Pilate their allegiance to no king but Caesar (John 19:15) did Israel as a nation irrevocably withdraw from the covenant relationship and the theocracy. Cooperation with the natural laws of body and mind would result in ever-increasing mental strength, and the people of Israel would be blessed with vigor of intellect, keen discrimination, and sound judgment. Kings and Prophets (charts, maps, timeline) - The Time of the Kings Following this line of interpretation, some have gone to the extreme of proposing a Christian migration to Palestine. We may request cookies to be set on your device. DIVIDED KINGDOM c.930-c.586 BC From the internal strife that divided the nation of Israel to the prophets who warned of the coming exile. See Deuteronomy 7:13; 28:2-8; Malachi 3:8-11.