st robert bellarmine miraclesst robert bellarmine miracles

Living Our Vision Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution - Share Alike License. See also LE BACHELET IN VACANT, Dict. St. Lutgardis heeded his plea and years later he reappeared to her resplendent in glory to thank her for obtaining his release from purgatory.. A distinguished Jesuit theologian, writer, and cardinal, born at Montepulciano, 4 October, 1542; died 17 September, 1621. As a cardinal he served three popes who counted on his wisdom and scholarly advice. In the New Rite, which has reduced the significance of the Stigmata of Saint Francis, Saint Roberts feast day has been moved to September 17. Then all the more would the saints and their relics be glorified and disseminated. Holiness of Life, of the Churchs representative writers and defenders. Renew or manage your subscription here. Rev. He has left us a host of important writings, including works of devotion and instruction, as well as controversy. St. Robert Bellarmine was canonized in 1930 and declared to be a Doctor of the Church in 1931. Federal Tax Identification Number: 81-0596847. It was later revised and enlarged by Sirmond, Labbeus, and Casimir Oudin. It is based upon the website created by Blessed Carlo Acutis to catalogue all of the eucharistic miracles that have taken place worldwide. A cardinal, Jesuit, and a doctor of the church, his feast day is Sept. 17. These offices forced him to stay in Rome, so the zealous shepherd was relieved of his duties as Archbishop of Capua, at his own insistence, because he did not want to be a negligent pastor of souls. Be inspired by St. Anselm, Bishop and Doctor of the Church, KEY FIGURES OF THE REFORMATION ST. FRANCIS DE SALES. Miracles and Faith - St. Robert Bellarmine Church 02919 - Facebook SCRIPTURES & ART: Todays Gospel speaks of how the sheep should act, but its also an important lesson for shepherds, Be who God meant you to be, said St. Catherine, and you will set the world on fire., While the common priesthood of the faithful is exercised by the unfolding of baptismal grace a life of faith, hope, and charity, a life according to the Spirit the ministerial priesthood is at the service of the common priesthood. (Catechism 1547). This was partly because of the influential character of some of those who recorded adverse votes, Barbarigo, Casante, and Azzolino in 1675, and Passionei in 1752, but still more for reasons of political expediency, Bellarmine's name being closely associated with a doctrine of papal authority most obnoxious to the Regalist politicians of the French Court. [5], Thomas Hobbes saw Bellarmine in Rome at a service on All Saints Day (1 November) 1614 and, exempting him alone from a general castigation of cardinals, described him as "a little lean old man" who lived "more retired". Bonaventure.). Its the best! According to Pierre Duhem and Karl Popper in one respect, at least, Bellarmine had shown himself a better scientist than Galileo by disallowing the possibility of a strict proof of the earths motion, on the grounds that an astronomical theory merely saves the appearances without necessarily revealing what really happens.[20] Philosopher of science Thomas Kuhn, in his book, The Copernican Revolution, after commenting on Cesare Cremonini, who refused to look through Galileos telescope, wrote: Most of Galileos opponents behaved more rationally. A graduate of the University of Notre Dame, he regularly attends Yale Universitys School of Management Publishing Course. Eucharistic Miracles Exhibit Four years ago I interviewed St. Robert Bellarmines latest translator, Father Kenneth Baker, who had put together The Controversies of the Catholic Faith over 1,000 pages from the original Latin into English. One of his works included the three-volume Disputations about the Controversies of the Christian Faith Against the Heretics of This Time, which addressed theological arguments between Catholics and Protestants. He was brought up at the newly founded Jesuit college in his native town, and entered the Society of Jesus on 20 September, 1560, being admitted to his first vows on the following day. The maximum number of form submissions has been reached. (Fakhri B. Maluf, Ph.D.), RIP. Smith, S. (1907). [9] He was in the city during its siege by Henry of Navarre. (The latters title was a nod to the Seraphic Doctor, St. He is the patron saint of catechists.]. [Note: St. Robert Bellarmine was canonized by Pope Pius XI in 1930, and declared a Doctor of the Universal Church in 1931. Contemporaneous with the Venetian episode was that of the English Oath of Alliance. PREFACE . Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Until today, the works of St. Bellarmine constitute a wall of defense against Protestantism, Liberalism, Modernism & Progressivism. PROMOTION - Here https://dioceseoftrenton.org/promote-your-exhibit-event you can find all the promotional materials that can be downloaded and edited with your information for your bulletin or social media pages. However, just one year after his canonization, the same pope, Pius XI, declared him Doctor of the Church, a designation given to only 36 saints. He received some votes in the 1605 conclaves which elected Pope Leo XI, Pope Paul V, and in 1621 when Pope Gregory XV was elected, but his being a Jesuit counted against him in the judgement of many of the cardinals. This form is currently not available. It has been made kinder and gentler in the new rite. It is based upon the, Most set ups and breakdowns will take place in the afternoon. De Laicis Saint Robert Bellarmine's Treatise on Civil Government 17 Sep. Robert Bellarmine. When the Holy Office condemned the heliocentric theory, by an excess in the opposite direction, it became Bellarmine's official duty to signify the condemnation to Galileo, and receive his submission. St. Roberts Bellarmine was baptized Roberto Francesco Romolo Bellarmino in his hometown of Montepulciano in Tuscany in 1542. D eveloped by St. Robert Bellarmine,1542-1621, Doctor of the Church, these are fifteen marks or characteristics of the true Church of Jesus Christ: 1. Father Huesca was the pastor of St. Robert until August 25th, 2009 . Reflection We are united by our Core Values of Living Faith, Practicing Service, Achieving Excellence, Inspiring Leadership, and Promoting Collaboration. His father was Vincenzo Bellarmino, his mother Cinthia Cervini, sister of Cardinal Marcello Cervini, afterwards Pope Marcellus II. But, Clark remarks us, the Catholic Church chose to do none of the above: The popes authority had been questioned by the Protestants? St. Robert Bellarmine - Catholic News Agency While St. Aloysius Gonzaga (15681591) was stationed in Rome, St. Robert Bellarmine acted as his spiritual director. St. Robert Bellarmine even wrote a hymn to Mary Magdalene that is now included in the Roman Breviary, a liturgical book containing prayers, hymns, readings, and Psalms for the everyday use of bishops, priests, and deacons. Pope Clement VIII, on March 3, 1599, said: We elect this man because the Church of God has not his equal in learning. St. Robert, though obedient to the Pope, pleaded with his Jesuit superiors to stop the appointment and during the ceremony itself, Pope Clement ordered that St. Robert keep quiet or else himself be excommunicated (presumably for disobedience). 12. [23], From his research grew Disputationes de controversiis christianae fidei (also called Controversiae), first published at Ingolstadt in 15811593. monetization of National Catholic Register RSS feeds is strictly prohibited. 17th-century portrait of Robert Bellarmine, Antwerp. His relevance to our Church today is obvious by the fact that Keep The Faith has published his colossal Controversies of the Christian Faith in English, a book unlike any before or since. Please help support the mission of New Advent and get the full contents of this website as an instant download. Episode 372: Yes, Limbo is Church Teaching! I say that if there were a true demonstration that the sun is at the center of the world and the earth in the third heaven, and that the sun does not circle the earth but the earth circles the sun, then one would have to proceed with great care in explaining the Scriptures that appear contrary, and say rather that we do not understand them, than that what is demonstrated is false. | Prioress: Sister Mary Peter, M.I.C.M. In 1567 he began his theology at Padua, but in 1569 was sent to finish it at Louvain, where he could obtain a fuller acquaintance with the prevailing heresies. In 1588 Bellarmine was made Spiritual Father to the Roman College, but in 1590 he went with Cardinal Gaetano as theologian to the embassy Sixtus V was then sending into France to protect the interests of the Church amidst the troubles of the civil wars. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Paul T. Crowley. This was because he had discovered that it assigned to the Holy See not a direct but only an indirect power over temporals. An English translation from the Latin was published in 1866. About the Mission. He proved himself a vigorous and successful opponent of the Protestants, whom he sought to win over to the Catholic position by reason and argument. In 1588 Bellarmine was made Spiritual Father to the Roman College, but in 1590 he went with Cardinal Gaetano as theologian to the embassy Sixtus V was then sending into France to protect the interests of the Church amidst the troubles of the civil wars. The editor of New Advent is Kevin Knight. He was canonized a saint in 1930[1] and named Doctor of the Church, one of only 37. Significantly, that is the feast of the Stigmata of Saint Francis of Assisi that is, the feast commemorating the impression of Saint Francis with the Five Wounds of Our Lord. Mary, Spouse of the Spirit, pray for us! Be sure to notice the date on the timeline and some of the world events that will help you to place in within the historical era. Those then that know Christ acknowledge that it was . Founding Superior of Saint Benedict Center, N.H.: Brother Francis, M.I.C.M. From a point of principle for English Catholics, this debate drew in figures from much of Western Europe. If the apostolic ideal is one of the principal generators of holiness, we can see how anything which undermines it must necessarily lead to a decline in holiness. Relics of the saints had been questioned by Luther especially? The son of noble parents, he entered the Society of Jesus, finishing his theological studies at Louvain,. Saint Robert Bellarmine was canonized by Pope Pius XI in 1930, and declared a Doctor of the Universal Church in 1931. . [10], Upon the death of Pope Sixtus V in 1590, the Count of Olivares wrote to King Philip III of Spain, "Bellarmine would not do for a Pope, for he is mindful only of the interests of the Church and is unresponsive to the reasons of princes. Shop St. Robert Bellarmine Born at Montepulciano, Italy, October 4, 1542, St. Robert Bellarmine was the third of ten children. Because of Roberts persistent health problems, he was sent from one city to another by his Jesuit superiors in an effort to improve his physical well being. Books by Robert Bellarmine (Author of The Art of Dying Well) - Goodreads He entered the Society of Jesus at the age of 18, over the objections ofhis father, who wanted him to have a career in politics. document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 511 E John Carpenter Fwy Ste 500 When questioned on his bare walls, he replied: the walls wont catch cold. He also insisted on a poor-mans larder, and ate the food of peasants, consisting mostly of chicory lettuce and garlic. And in the unforgettable Galileo affair, St. Robert Bellarmine personally delivered the command to Galileo to stop teaching that the earth revolved around the sun. St. Robert Bellarmine thrives as a Spirit filled community of diverse individuals. Catholic Church. St. Aloysius Gonzaga - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online Other treatises followed on either side, and the result of one, written in denial of the deposing power by William Barclay, an English jurist resident in France, was that Bellarmine's reply to it was branded by the Regalist Parlement of Paris. Holiness, of doctrine in reflecting the sanctity of GOD. One and a half minute trailer for the new video study series from Ascension Pres Christians are called to be intentional disciples who make a conscious decision A Prayer to the Good Shepherd here are you pasturing your flock, O good Shepherd, who carry the whole flock on your shoulders? In the field of church-state relations, he took a position based on principles now regarded as fundamentally democratic - authority originates with God, but is vested in the people, who entrust it to fit rulers. After ordination to the priesthood again, the year was 1570 he was appointed professor at the Louvain in Belgium, where he lectured on the works of Saint Thomas Aquinas until 1576. St. Aloysius was born in Castiglione, Italy. The parish of St. Robert Bellarmine was founded on May 29th, 1968, in a territory that belonged to the parish of Corpus Christi in the neighborhood of Allapatah. Here are five facts about him. He composed an exhaustive apologetic work against the prevailing heretics of his day. Mass Times & Devotions - St. Robert Bellarmine In 1588, he was made the spiritual director of the Roman College, and in that capacity served as the spiritual guide for the last years of Saint Aloysius Gonzaga, who died at that college in 1591. He published many works addressing various heresies and underlying philosophical questions regarding theology. Death: 09/17/1621; Nationality (place of birth): Italy; Robert Bellarmine (Roberto Bellarmino, 1542-1621) was a scholar, theologian and intrepid defender of the Faith during the controversies of the Reformation. The Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary were founded in 1949 by Father Leonard Feeney, M.I.C.M. Printable Catholic Saints PDFs. In short, St. Robert may have been brilliant, but he was also human. Further, in 1599 he made him Cardinal-Priest of the title of Santa Maria in vi, alleging as his reason for this promotion that "the Church of God had not his equal in learning". (He had said that all he wanted to be was a professor, a role he excelled at at the celebrated University of Louvain, Belgium; he later served in Rome at the Gregorian, Jesuit and English Colleges.). Only in God is my soul at rest. (Psalm 62:1). In his later years he turned from writing on the controversies of the Reformation, and catechisms, but devotional spiritual works including The Art of Dying Well and The Minds Ascent to God by the Ladder of Created Things. Please let us know what time your first showing and what time is your last showing so we can plan accordingly with our builder. In 1592, Bellarmine was made rector of the Roman College and then, in 1595, the Jesuit Provincial of Naples. St. Robert Bellarmine was also present for St. Aloysius Gonzagas death in 1591. Printable Catholic Saints PDFs Mother Mary: Our Life, Our Sweetness and Our Hope, Hundreds of Faithful Gather in Prayer for Pope Francis at Budapests Oldest Parish Church, Pope Francis Says He Did Not Lose Consciousness Before Hospitalization in March, Pope Francis Warns of Technological Domination, Threat to Human Ecology at University in Hungary, Carlos Writings From My Son Carlo: Carlo Acutis Through the Eyes of His Mother, 4th Sunday of Easter: Good Shepherd Sunday, St. Catherine of Sienas Fire Was Stoked in Conversation With God, Ezekiel and the Common Priesthood of All the Faithful, A Lutheran Plea to End the Attack on Roman Catholic Churches, My Son Carlo: Meet the Real Blessed Carlo Acutis in New Book Written by His Mother, Leading Lady: Crushed by the Woman Explains Marys Role, The Good Shepherd Calls Us to Open Our Hearts to Love, Pope Francis Says at Mass in Hungary, Speak the Language of Charity, Pope Francis Encourages in Hungary, FULL TEXT: Fearlessly Face the Adventure of Life Like Jesus Did, Pope Francis Urges Youth. Whilst he was there news reached him that Sixtus, who had warmly accepted the dedication of his "De Controversiis", was now proposing to put its first volume on the Index. St. Robert moved back to Rome in 1576 where he became professor of controversial theology at the newly founded Collegium Romanum. [5] His lectures were published under the title De Controversias in four large volumes.[7]. We end with the oration for his feast in the traditional rite. This outstanding scholar and devoted servant of God defended the Apostolic See against the anti-clericals in Venice and against the political tenets of James I of England. Thus it came to pass that, for following the via media of the indirect power, he was condemned in 1590 as too much of a Regalist and in 1605 as too much of a Papalist. At that time, the Cardinal ran an important Roman office that oversaw the appointment of bishops something to which he attached great importance: Essentially he was continuing the reforms of the still recent Council of Trent in seeing to it that good Bishops were appointed. - Our Lady of the Angels Parish, Trenton, NJ, THANK YOU! Catholic Online School - Free education with 1,000,000 student enrollments. His feast day in the Roman calendar is September 17th (formerly 13 May). St. Robert Bellarmine helped get St. Aloysius Gonzaga beatified. A cardinal, Jesuit, and a doctor of the church, his feast day is Sept. 17. As both Bishop and Cardinal, Saint Robert would have been exempted from the strict observance of poverty that was required of Jesuit religious. Even before his priestly ordination in 1570, he was appointed to preach in many of these cities. Saint Robert Bellarmine; Robert Bellarmine. We hope that Catholic adults, teen groups, school children, and religious education classes will learn about the real presence of Our Lord Jesus Christ in the Eucharist and will have an opportunity to spend time in Adoration before Him after they visit the exhibit, Please make the request for two consecutive weeks, THANK YOU! Order Bulk SubscriptionsGet a discount on 6 or more copies sent to your parish, organization Of derived lives the best are those by FRIZON (1708), and COUDERC (1893). 13. St. Robert Bellarmine took to poetry in his youth and is said to have memorized many of Virgils works. Indeed the Fathers of Vatican I turned to his works when framing the definition of Papal Infallibility. In 1602, he was named Archbishop of Capua, where he served in an exemplary manner for three years. Copyright 2023 EWTN News, Inc. All rights reserved. And so it was, under Urban VIII in 1627, when he became entitled to the appellation of Venerable. Of the particular transactions with which his name is most generally associated the following were the most important: The inquiry de Auxiliis, which after all Clement had not seen his way to decide, was now terminated with a settlement on the lines of Bellarmine's original suggestion. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Paul T. Crowley. ROUNDTABLE: The Register speaks with theologians Tracey Rowland, Father Thomas Joseph White, John Cavadini, and Matthew Bunson for their thoughts on St. Irenaeus of Lyon being declared a Doctor of the Church. (Fakhri B. Maluf, Ph.D.), RIP Prior: Brother Andr Marie, M.I.C.M. Author and Publisher - Catholic Online Cardinalis, vita quam ipse scripsit (with an Appendix), written in 1613, at the request of Fathers Eudfmon Joannis and Mutius Vitelleschi, first published among the acta of the Process of Beatification 1675; republished in 1887 by DLLINGER AND REUSCH, with notes many of which are useful but the general tone of which is unfair and spiteful; a multitude of unpublished documents in the archives of the Vatican, Simancas, Salamanca, the Society of Jesus, etc. Sat - 4:00 - 5:30 pm, 7:30 - 8:30 pm Thurs (Before first Friday) - 4:30 - 5:30 pm, 7:00 - 8:00 pm Or by appointment Liturgy of the Hours - Morning Prayer Monday-Friday - 6:00 am In the church next to Annunciation statue Adoration Schedule Perpetual Perpetual Help Devotion Tuesdays after 8:30 a.m. Mass Family Rosary Having been ordained there, he quickly obtained a reputation both as a professor and a preacher, in the latter capacity drawing to his pulpit both Catholics and Protestants, even from distant parts. But perhaps the oddest part of St. Robert Bellarmines life is what happened to him after his death, which took place in 1621 he was not canonized for more than 300 years! An Extract from St. Robert Bellarmine, De Romano Pontifice, lib. Bellarmine lived to see one more conclave, that which elected Gregory XV (February, 1621). We might see this as heralding Bellarmines great future as a Catholic controversialist and polemicist against the errors of his day. - St. Dominic Parish, Brick, NJ, THANK YOU! Welcome to St. Robert's - St. Robert Bellarmine It takes about. It takes about 4 hours to set up and 4 hours to break down. The Opposition that the Church arouses among those who attack her on the very grounds that Christ was opposed by His enemies. Catholic.org - with thousands of pages of magisterial content. The Churchs Name, Catholic, universal, and world wide, and not confined to any particular nation or people. Bellarmine was a professor of theology and later rector of the Roman College, and in 1602 became Archbishop of Capua. Part of the reason he is one of the very few admitted to the rank of Doctors literally, teachers of the Church is that his method was not one of toeing the line, or endlessly ranting about the evils of Protestantism, but that unique quality of mind that allowed him to take apart his enemies arguments while at the same time building up his own, which were, of course, those of the Church. This is sometimes spoken of as the cardinal's disgrace, but Clement consecrated him with his own hands--an honour which the popes usually accord as a mark of special regard. Vol. shelved 2,149 times Showing 30 distinct works. If, as was undoubtedly the case then with Galileo's heliocentric theory, a scientific theory is insufficiently proved, it should be advanced only as an hypothesis; but if, as is the case with this theory now, it is solidly demonstrated, care must be taken to interpret Scripture only in accordance with it. Venerated: 1627. Regrettably, I can't reply to every letter, but I greatly appreciate your feedback especially notifications about typographical errors and inappropriate ads. Though the telescope argued much, it proved nothing. Episcopal Succession, of her Bishops from the first Apostles at the Last Supper to the present hierarchy. Robert Bellarmine S.J. Paolo Sarpi, as spokesman for the Republic of Venice, protested against the papal interdict, and reasserted the principles of the Council of Constance and of the Council of Basel, denying the pope's authority in secular matters. In 1605 Clement VIII died, and was succeeded by Leo XI who reigned only twenty-six days, and then by Paul V. In both conclaves, especially that latter, the name of Bellarmine was much before the electors, greatly to his own distress, but his quality as a Jesuit stood against him in the judgment of many of the cardinals. During his retirement, he wrote several short books intended to help ordinary people in their spiritual life: De ascensione mentis in Deum per scalas rerum creatorum opusculum (The Mind's Ascent to God by the Ladder of Created Things 1614) which was translated into English as Jacob's Ladder (1638) without acknowledgement by Henry Isaacson,[30] The Art of Dying Well (1619) (in Latin, English translation under this title by Edward Coffin),[31] and The Seven Words on the Cross. Robert Bellarmine was born on October 4, 1542 in the Tuscan town of Montepulciano. Bellarmini (1621); FINALI, Esame fatto per me, that is, by the lay brother who attended him in his last sickness, MS.; lives by FULIGATI (1624; translated into Latin with additions by PETRA SANCTA, 1626) and BARTOLI, (1678); CERVINI, Imago virtutum (1625). The Council [of Trent] prohibits interpreting Scripture against the common consensus of the Holy Fathers; and if Your Paternity wants to read not only the Holy Fathers, but also the modern commentaries on Genesis, the Psalms, Ecclesiastes, and Joshua, you will find all agreeing in the literal interpretation that the sun is in heaven and turns around the earth with great speed, and that the earth is very far from heaven and sits motionless at the center of the world. "[11] In 1602 he was made archbishop of Capua. - Co-Cathedral of St. Robert Bellarmine,Freehold, NJ, THANK YOU! (You can learn more about this great saint on the Reconquest episode I recorded with Mr. Ryan Grant.). The above all of it fell into the capable hands of the Jesuit theologian St. Robert Bellarmine (1542-1621). document.getElementById( "ak_js_3" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. His residency in Leuven lasted seven years. Nor am I aware of any author who could assign another cause for this so wonderful an eclipse. He had even gone so far as to have an impression of this vitiated edition printed and partially distributed, together with the proposed Bull enforcing its use. Versed in Latin, Hebrew and several other languages, St. Robert could (and did) quote Scripture from memory during his show-stopping, spell-binding, hours-long lessons and sermons. He was destined for the military by his father (who was in service to Philip II), but by the age . Preface and Part One-Catechetical Series on the Eucharist, Part Two-Catechetical Series on the Eucharist, Part Three- Catechetical Series on the Eucharist, Part Four- Catechetical Series on the Eucharist, Part Five- Catechetical Series on the Eucharist, Catechetical Series on the Eucharist en Espaol, Parte Dos-Catechetical Series on the Eucharist en Espaol, PARTE TRES-CATEQUESIS SOBRE LA SAGRADA EUCARISTIA, Parte Quatro- Catechetical Series on the Eucharist en Espaol, Parte Cinco-Catequesis sobre la sagrada eucaristia, The Statutes of the Fourth Synod of the Diocese of Trenton, Miraculous Medal Shrine Lenten Video Series, This traveling exhibit has been created to assist those who will experience it to affirm belief in the Real Presence of the Jesus in the Eucharist. 1907. 9. He was one of the most important figures in the Counter-Reformation. But Sixtus V, though unskilled in this branch of criticism, had introduced alterations of his own, all for the worse. He died in 1621. Saint Robert Bellarmine took to refuting his colleague, whose errors caused him great alarm. II, cap. 6. He had always shown great interest in the discoveries of that investigator, and was on terms of friendly correspondence with him. print and digital media outlets, dedicated to reporting the truth in light of the Gospel and the New York: Robert Appleton Company. Even if you've never read the Summa you will, I am sure, appreciate our late Brother's tribute. Welcome to the season where the only song we sing for fourweeks isO Come, O Come, Emmanuel! Though it was reintroduced on several occasions (1675, 1714, 1752, and 1832), and though on each occasion the great preponderance of votes was in favour of the beatification, a successful issue came only after many years. https://www.ncregister.com/blog/st-robert-bellarmine-the-hammer-of-heretics, Among the Churchs Holy Women, St. Teresa of vila Stands as a Giant, St. Teresa of vila, Whom God Treated as a Friend, St. Teresa of vila, Doctor of the Church, Pray For Us. While at Mondov, he came to the attention of Francesco Adorno, the local Jesuit provincial superior, who sent him to the University of Padua. - St. Theresa Parish, Little Egg Harbor, NJ, THANK YOU! And like Augustine, he would be promoted to the episcopate much against his will. It is based upon the website created by Blessed Carlo Acutis to catalogue all of the eucharistic miracles that have taken place worldwide. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor. Later, he would promote the cause of the beatification of Aloysius Gonzaga, who had been a student at the college during Bellarmine's tenure. Beatified: May 13, 1923. Antiquity, in tracing her ancestry directly to Jesus Christ. This was something almost altogether new: instead of stating a doctrine or dogma and saying that if you dont believe it you are, by default, a heretic, St. Robert Bellarmine made convincing and compelling arguments not merely against the Churchs enemies, but in favor of the Church herself. The Vatican archives contain an unsigned copy of a more strongly worded formal injunction purporting to have been served on Galileo shortly after Bellarmine's admonition, ordering him "not to hold, teach, or defend" the condemned doctrine "in any way whatever, either orally or in writing", and threatening him with imprisonment if he refused to obey.